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Xenical
Xenical Properties
About Xenical
Xenical is a brand-name oral medication containing the active ingredient orlistat, approved in Australia for the management of overweight and obesity. By inhibiting intestinal lipases, it reduces the absorption of dietary fat, helping adults achieve clinically meaningful weight loss when combined with a reduced-calorie, low-fat diet and regular physical activity.
What is Xenical?
Xenical is a lipase inhibitor classified pharmacologically as a gastrointestinal enzyme inhibitor. The Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) approved the product in 200, and it is available by prescription only in Australia. Roche Laboratories markets the 60 mg over-the-counter (OTC) formulation and the 120 mg prescription strength. Both dosages are supplied as plain tablets intended for oral administration. The medication targets the physiological process of dietary fat hydrolysis, thereby limiting the amount of triglycerides that enter the bloodstream. Because it acts locally within the gastrointestinal tract, systemic exposure is minimal, which contributes to its safety profile compared with systemic weight-loss agents.
How Xenical Works
Orlistat, the active component of Xenical, binds covalently to the active site of pancreatic and gastric lipases. These enzymes normally cleave triglycerides into free fatty acids and monoglycerides, a prerequisite for intestinal absorption. By irreversibly inhibiting up to 30 % of the lipase activity, Xenical prevents roughly one-third of ingested fat from being broken down. The unhydrolyzed triglycerides remain within the lumen and are excreted unchanged.
Pharmacokinetic data show that orlistat is not absorbed in appreciable amounts; plasma concentrations are below 0.1 ng/mL after a standard dose. The drug’s onset of action occurs within the first meal after ingestion, and its effect persists for the duration of gastrointestinal transit, typically 3-5 hours. Metabolism is minimal, and elimination occurs via the feces. Because systemic exposure is negligible, drug-drug interactions are rare, although concurrent use of fat-soluble vitamins may require supplementation.
Why Xenical Is Used for Weight Management
- Linking Mechanism to Pathophysiology - Obesity often involves excess caloric intake, particularly from dietary fats. By reducing fat absorption, Xenical creates a negative energy balance without altering appetite, directly addressing one root cause of weight gain.
- Evidence-Based Efficacy - Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) demonstrate that patients taking 120 mg twice daily lose an additional 3-5 % of body weight over 12 months compared with diet-only controls. This result meets the clinically significant threshold set by the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) for obesity treatments.
- Guideline Position - The Australian Therapeutic Guidelines list orlistat as a second-line pharmacotherapy for adults with a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m², or ≥ 27 kg/m² with obesity-related comorbidities, when lifestyle modifications alone have been insufficient.
- Safety Compared With Systemic Agents - Because orlistat works locally, it avoids many cardiovascular and neuropsychiatric risks associated with centrally acting appetite suppressants. This makes it a suitable option for patients where systemic side effects are a concern